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Nutrition in Animals NCERT Solutions containing Each and every Questions from the NCERT Textbook of Science

Exercise NCERT Solutions

1. Fill in the blanks:

• (a) The main steps of nutrition in humans are ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation, and egestion.
• (b) The largest gland in the human body is liver.
• (c) The stomach releases hydrochloric acid and digestive juice which act on food.
• (d) The inner wall of the small intestine has many finger-like outgrowths called villi.
• (e) Amoeba digests its food in the food vacuole.

2. Mark ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ if it is false:

• (a) Digestion of starch starts in the stomach. F
• (b) The tongue helps in mixing food with saliva. T
• (c) The gall bladder temporarily stores bile. T
• (d) The ruminants bring back swallowed grass into their mouth and chew it for sometime. T

3. Tick mark (✔) the correct answer in each of the following:

• (a) Fats are completely digested in the:
  • (i) Stomach
  • (ii) Mouth
  • (iii) Small intestine ✔️
  • (iv) Large intestine
• (b) Water from the undigested food is absorbed mainly in the:
  • (i) Stomach
  • (ii) Food pipe
  • (iii) Small intestine
  • (iv) Large intestine ✔️
• (c) The process of taking food into the body is called:
  • (i) Digestion
  • (ii) Absorption
  • (iii) Ingestion ✔️
  • (iv) Assimilation
• (d) Which of the following is the largest gland in human body:
  • (i) Pancreas
  • (ii) Liver ✔️
  • (iii) Salivary gland
  • (iv) Thyroid
• (e) Finger-like projections called villi are present in:
  • (i) Small intestine ✔️
  • (ii) Stomach
  • (iii) Rectum
  • (iv) Large intestine
• (f) Which of the following is a ruminant:
  • (i) Amoeba
  • (ii) Man
  • (iii) Cow ✔️
  • (iv) Earthworm

4. Match the items of Column I with those of Column II:

• Carbohydrates – Sugar
• Proteins – Amino Acids
• Fats – Fatty acids and glycerol

5. What are villi? What is their location and function?

Villi are small finger-like projections located on the inner walls of the small intestine. They increase the surface area for absorption of the digested food.

6. Where is the bile produced? Which component of the food does it help to digest?

Bile is produced in the liver. It helps in the digestion of fats.

7. Name the type of carbohydrates that can be digested by ruminants but not by humans. Give the reason also.

Cellulose can be digested by ruminants but not by humans because ruminants have a special stomach compartment called the rumen, which contains bacteria that produce cellulase enzyme to digest cellulose.

8. Why do we get instant energy from glucose?

We get instant energy from glucose because it is a simple sugar that is quickly absorbed into the bloodstream and utilized by cells for immediate energy.

9. Which part of the digestive canal is involved in:

• (i) Absorption of food: Small intestine
• (ii) Chewing of food: Mouth
• (iii) Killing of bacteria: Stomach
• (iv) Complete digestion of food: Small intestine
• (v) Formation of faeces: Large intestine

10. Write one similarity and one difference between the nutrition in amoeba and human beings.

Similarity: Both Amoeba and humans ingest food and digest it to obtain nutrients.
Difference: Amoeba digests food inside a food vacuole whereas humans have a complex digestive system with specialized organs for digestion.

11. Match the items of Column I with suitable items of Column II:

• Food Components – Product(s) of digestion
• Carbohydrates – Sugar
• Proteins – Amino Acids
• Fats – Fatty acids and glycerol

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