NCERT Solutions for Class 7th History Chapter The Mughal Empire Questions and answers based on the latest syllabus of CBSE and JKBOSE NCERT Books
- Mughal: A dynasty that ruled over large parts of India from the early 16th to the mid-18th century. The Mughals were descendants of the Mongol rulers of Central Asia.
- Mansab: A rank or position in the Mughal administrative system, which determined an officer’s status and the number of soldiers they had to maintain.
- Jagir: Land granted by the state to a Mansabdar in exchange for service. The income from this land was used for maintaining the soldiers and other expenses.
- Zat: A numerical value that determined the rank and salary of a Mansabdar in the Mughal administrative system.
- Sawar: This referred to the number of horsemen a Mansabdar was required to maintain, which was another determinant of rank.
- Sulh-i-kul: A policy of religious tolerance followed by Akbar, promoting peace and harmony among all religions and communities.
- Primogeniture: A system of inheritance where the eldest son inherits his father’s estate or position.
- Coparcenary: A system of inheritance where property is divided among all the sons of the family, rather than passing to the eldest alone.
- Zabt: A revenue system where land revenue was fixed on the basis of the crop produced and was collected directly by the state.
- Zamindar: Local landowners who collected revenue from the peasants and paid a part of it to the Mughal administration.
Questions and Answers on the Mughal Empire (Class 7 History NCERT Solutions )
1. Match the following:
| Terms | Match |
|---|---|
| Mansab | Rank |
| Mongol | Uzbek |
| Sisodiya Rajput | Mewar |
| Rathor Rajput | Marwar |
| Nur Jahan | Jahangir |
| Subadar | Governor |
2. Fill in the blanks:
a) The capital of Mirza Hakim, Akbar’s half-brother, was Kabul.
b) The five Deccan Sultanates were Berar, Khandesh, Ahmadnagar, Bijapur, and Golconda.
c) If Zat determined a Mansabdar’s rank and salary, Sawar indicated his number of horsemen.
d) Abul Fazl, Akbar’s friend and counselor, helped him frame the idea of Sulh-i-kul so that he could govern a society composed of many religions, cultures, and castes.
3. What were the central provinces under the control of the Mughals?
The central provinces under the control of the Mughals included Delhi, Agra, Lahore, and parts of today’s Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.
4. What was the relationship between the Mansabdar and the Jagir?
Mansabdars were given Jagirs (land assignments) from which they could collect revenue. The revenue from these lands was used to maintain the Mansabdar’s soldiers and meet other administrative expenses.
5. What was the role of the Zamindar in Mughal administration?
Zamindars were local landowners who collected taxes from the peasants. They acted as intermediaries between the Mughal administration and the local peasants, ensuring the state’s revenue collection.
6. How were the debates with religious scholars important in the formation of Akbar’s ideas on governance?
The debates with religious scholars helped Akbar understand the diverse beliefs and practices within his empire. This led to his policy of Sulh-i-kul, which advocated universal tolerance and became the foundation of his governance.
7. Why did the Mughals emphasize their Timurid descent and not their Mongol descent?
The Mughals emphasized their Timurid descent because Timur was a celebrated conqueror in Central Asia, while the Mongols were associated with brutality. By associating themselves with Timur, the Mughals sought to legitimize their rule and enhance their prestige.
8. How important was the income from land revenue to the stability of the Mughal Empire?
The income from land revenue was crucial for the stability of the Mughal Empire. It financed the military, administration, and court expenses. Without this revenue, the empire’s vast administrative and military structure would collapse.
9. Why was it important for the Mughals to recruit Mansabdars from diverse backgrounds and not just Turanis and Iranis?
It was important for the Mughals to recruit Mansabdars from diverse backgrounds, including Rajputs and other local leaders, to maintain control over a vast and culturally diverse empire. This policy promoted loyalty and ensured the integration of different regions into the empire.
10. Like the Mughal Empire, India today is also made up of many social and cultural units. Does this pose a challenge to national integration?
Yes, managing a nation with diverse social and cultural units can pose a challenge to national integration. However, just like the Mughals used a policy of tolerance (Sulh-i-kul), modern India’s emphasis on unity in diversity helps maintain cohesion despite the differences.
11. Peasants were vital for the economy of the Mughal Empire. Do you think that they are as important today? Has the gap in the income between the rich and the poor in India changed a great deal from the period of the Mughals?
Peasants remain important in modern India, especially in the agricultural sector. However, the gap between the rich and poor persists and, in some cases, has widened due to modern economic disparities, despite advancements in technology and governance.
12. Discuss the foundation and expansion of Mughal rule in Kashmir.
The foundation of Mughal rule in Kashmir began with Akbar’s conquest in 1586. The Mughals developed Kashmir as a beautiful and prosperous province, introducing administrative reforms and promoting art and culture. Later rulers like Jahangir and Shah Jahan made significant contributions to the region’s development.
13. The Mughal Empire left its impact on the different regions of the subcontinent in a variety of ways. Find out if it had any impact in the city, village, or region in which you live.
This activity encourages students to explore their local history and heritage by identifying any Mughal influence in their region, such as architecture, cultural practices, or local historical events.
This blog post provides a comprehensive understanding of the Mughal Empire, addressing important keywords and questions to enhance learning for Class 7 students studying history.
