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Transportation in Plants and Animals Class 7 Important Questions

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NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 7 Transportation in Plants and Animals accordingly Latest Syllabus Of JKBOSE and CBSE Books

(I) Multiple Choice Questions – Tick mark (✔) the correct choice.

  1. In plants, materials are transported through:
    • (b) xylem and phloem ✔
  2. Food is transported in the plants through:
    • (c) phloem ✔
  3. Water absorption is more because:
    • (b) of more transpiration ✔
  4. Water absorption through roots can be increased by keeping the plant:
    • (a) in bright light ✔
  5. The colour of blood is red due to the presence of:
    • (c) haemoglobin ✔
  6. In an adult normal rate of heartbeat is:
    • (a) 72 times per minute ✔
  7. Blood cells which protect the body from infection are:
    • (c) WBCs ✔

(II) Fill in the blanks:

  1. In most animals, circulation is brought about by a liquid called blood.
  2. Blood moves through tubes called blood vessels.
  3. Two useful things that are circulated in all animals are oxygen and nutrients.
  4. The liquid part of blood is called plasma.
  5. The substance in red blood cells that links up with oxygen is called haemoglobin.
  6. The red colour of the blood is due to the presence of haemoglobin.
  7. Excretion of wastes in unicellular organisms takes place by diffusion.
  8. Getting rid of waste materials in living beings is called excretion.
  9. Most liquid wastes are excreted through the kidneys.
  10. Skin helps in the excretion of water and salts.
  11. In man, carbon dioxide is excreted through lungs.
  12. Kidneys are made up of a number of filters called nephrons.
  13. Kidneys are connected to the urinary bladder by long tubes called ureters.
  14. Artificial kidney machines work on the principle of dialysis.

(III) Match the Column A with those in Column B:

  1. Heart – (a) A living pump
  2. Food and oxygen – (d) Materials needed by every living thing
  3. Waste products – (c) Movement of materials
  4. Carrier of oxygen – (f) Red blood cells
  5. Circulation – (c) Movement of materials
  6. Arteries and Veins – (e) Pipes for transport in man

(IV) Write true or false in front of the statements given below:

  1. In Spirogyra, transport of materials takes place through osmosis. False
  2. Xylem and phloem are vascular tissues. True
  3. ‘Girdling experiment’ demonstrates food synthesis in plants. False
  4. platelets help in clotting of Blood. True
  5. In Hydra excretion takes place through diffusion. True

Answer the Following Questions of Transportation in Plants and Animals

1. How does transport of materials take place in unicellular plants?

Transport of materials in unicellular plants occurs through diffusion, a process where molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

2. Define diffusion.

Diffusion is the movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration until they are evenly distributed.

3. What are two aspects of transport in higher plants?

The two aspects of transport in higher plants are:

  • Xylem: Transports water and minerals from roots to other parts of the plant.
  • Phloem: Transports food (sugars) from leaves to other parts of the plant.

4. Mention the functions of (a) Xylem and (b) Phloem.

  • (a) Xylem: Transports water and dissolved minerals from roots to leaves.
  • (b) Phloem: Transports food and nutrients, especially sugars, from leaves to the rest of the plant.

5. Name a process by which water loss takes place in plants.

Water loss in plants primarily occurs through transpiration.

6. Define the following:

  • (i) Circulatory system: The system responsible for the transport of blood, nutrients, gases, and wastes in the body.
  • (ii) Arteries: Blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body.
  • (iii) Veins: Blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood towards the heart from the body.

7. Name the main parts of the circulatory system.

The main parts of the circulatory system are the heart, blood vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries), and blood.

8. Mention the functions of blood.

Functions of blood include:

  • Transporting oxygen and nutrients to cells.
  • Removing waste products from metabolism.
  • Protecting the body against infections and foreign bodies.
  • Regulating body temperature and pH balance.

9. Describe the functions of the following:

  • (i) Heart: Pumps blood throughout the body.
  • (ii) Blood vessels: Transport blood to and from different parts of the body.
  • (iii) Red blood cells: Carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body and return carbon dioxide to the lungs.
  • (iv) White blood cells: Protect the body against infection and foreign invaders.
  • (v) Platelets: Help in the clotting of blood to prevent excessive bleeding.

10. Describe, in brief, the circulatory system in human beings.

The circulatory system in human beings consists of the heart, blood, and blood vessels. The heart pumps blood through arteries to the body’s tissues, delivering oxygen and nutrients. Veins return deoxygenated blood back to the heart, and then to the lungs for oxygenation.

11. Name the organ from which oxygenated blood goes into the heart.

Lungs are the organs where blood is oxygenated before it returns to the heart.

12. Define excretion.

Excretion is the process of removing metabolic wastes and excess substances from the body.

13. How does excretion occur in lower animals?

In lower animals, excretion occurs through diffusion across cell membranes or specialized structures like nephridia in earthworms and malpighian tubules in insects.

14. Why is the process of excretion important for living beings?

Excretion is important because it removes harmful metabolic wastes from the body, maintaining internal homeostasis and preventing damage to cells and tissues.

15. Name the various organs of excretion in humans.

The main organs of excretion in humans are the kidneys, lungs, skin, and liver.

Extended Questions of Transportation in Plants and Animals

16. What waste products are removed by the following parts?

  • (a) Skin: Removes water, salts, and urea through sweat.
  • (b) Kidneys: Remove urea, excess salts, and water through urine.
  • (c) Lungs: Remove carbon dioxide and water vapor through exhalation.
  • (d) Large intestine: Removes solid wastes and undigested food.

17. Name the organs of excretion in earthworms, insects, and vertebrates.

  • Earthworms: Nephridia
  • Insects: Malpighian tubules
  • Vertebrates: Kidneys

18. Define sweating.

Sweating is the process of secreting sweat through sweat glands to help regulate body temperature and remove some waste products.

19. What is the importance of sweating?

Sweating is crucial for regulating body temperature. When the body overheats, sweat glands produce sweat, which evaporates from the skin’s surface, cooling the body down.

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